Search results for "brain oscillations"

Acute Exercise Modulates Pain-induced Response on Sensorimotor Cortex ∼20 Hz Oscillation.

2019

Exercise affects positively on self-reported pain in musculoskeletal pain conditions possibly via top-down pain inhibitory networks. However, the role of cortical activity in these networks is unclear. The aim of the current exploratory study was to investigate the effects of acute exercise on cortical nociceptive processing and specifically the excitability in the human sensorimotor cortex. Five healthy adults (mean age 32.8 years) were recorded with a whole-head 306-channel magnetoencephalography (MEG, Elekta Neuromag® Triux™). Participant’s right hand third fingertip was stimulated electrically with an intracutaneous non-magnetic copper tip electrode before and immediately after an exerc…

Prismatic Adaptation Modulates Oscillatory EEG Correlates of Motor Preparation but Not Visual Attention in Healthy Participants.

2017

Prismatic adaption (PA) has been proposed as a tool to induce neural plasticity and is used to help neglect rehabilitation. It leads to a recalibration of visuomotor coordination during pointing as well as to aftereffects on a number of sensorimotor and attention tasks, but whether these effects originate at a motor or attentional level remains a matter of debate. Our aim was to further characterize PA aftereffects by using an approach that allows distinguishing between effects on attentional and motor processes. We recorded EEG in healthy human participants (9 females and 7 males) while performing a new double step, anticipatory attention/motor preparation paradigm before and after adaptat…

Characterization of oscillatory changes in hippocampus and amygdala after deep brain stimulation of the infralimbic prefrontal cortex

2016

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a new investigational therapy that has generated positive results in refractory depression. Although the neurochemical and behavioral effects of DBS have been examined, less attention has been paid to the influence of DBS on the network dynamics between different brain areas, which could contribute to its therapeutic effects. Herein, we set out to identify the effects of 1 h DBS in the infralimbic cortex (IL) on the oscillatory network dynamics between hippocampus and basolateral amygdala (BLA), two regions implicated in depression and its treatment. Urethane-anesthetized rats with bilaterally implanted electrodes in the IL were exposed to 1 h constant stimul…

Understanding the Role of Sensorimotor Beta Oscillations

2021

Beta oscillations have been predominantly observed in sensorimotor cortices and basal\ud ganglia structures and they are thought to be involved in somatosensory processing\ud and motor control. Although beta activity is a distinct feature of healthy and pathological\ud sensorimotor processing, the role of this rhythm is still under debate. Here we review\ud recent findings about the role of beta oscillations during experimental manipulations (i.e.,\ud drugs and brain stimulation) and their alteration in aging and pathology. We show how\ud beta changes when learning new motor skills and its potential to integrate sensory input\ud with prior contextual knowledge. We conclude by discussing a n…

Brain oscillations: discovering their role in memory using Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation

Smadzeņu aktivitātes EEG novērtējums krustotās un nekrustotās disparitātes gadījumā

2022

Diplomdarbs ir uzrakstīts angļu valodā uz 25 lapaspusēm. Tas satur 14 attēlus, 1 tabulu un 67 literatūras avotus. Binokulārā disparitāte ir būtiska mūsu trīsdimensiju uztverei. Lielākajā daļā pētījumu tik izmeklēta smadzeņu darbības disparitāte apstrādes laikā, savukārt garozas aktivitātei katra veida atšķirības laikā tika pievērsta ļoti maza uzmanība. Pētījuma mērķis ir novērtēt smadzeņu aktivitāti krustotās un nekrustotās disparitātes anaglifēšanas vizualizācijas laikā uz plakanpaneļa displeja. Smadzeņu aktivitāte tika reģistrēta ar elektroencefalogrāfu, iegūtie potenciāli (ERP) un neirālās svārstības. Ievērojama aktivitāte tika izraisīta tikai P2 komponentē(ERP) attiecībā uz nesakrustotu…

Rhythmic Memory Consolidation in the Hippocampus

2022

Functions of the brain and body are oscillatory in nature and organized according to a logarithmic scale. Brain oscillations and bodily functions such as respiration and heartbeat appear nested within each other and coupled together either based on phase or based on phase and amplitude. This facilitates communication in wide-spread neuronal networks and probably also between the body and the brain. It is a widely accepted view, that nested electrophysiological brain oscillations involving the neocortex, thalamus, and the hippocampus form the basis of memory consolidation. This applies especially to declarative memories, that is, memories of life events, for example. Here, we present our vie…